All IRS Back Tax Help comments are in blue. This post is about IRS notices when you owe overdue 1040 personal income tax.
If you know you need to take action, read my thread about whether or not you should hire someone (You should not automatically) titled “Owe the IRS Back Taxes? When, Who, and How to Hire IRS Back Tax Help”
As usual, If you like the tone of these posts, contact me for consultation. I can be reached at irsbacktaxhelp@gmail.com. Before you email me, please click on and read “About IRS BACK TAX HELP”.
irs.gov link and original and full text here: http://www.irs.gov/taxtopics/tc653.html
“If there is any money owed, you will be sent a bill. Generally, interest is charged on any unpaid tax from the due date of the return until the date of payment. The interest rate is determined quarterly and is the federal short-term rate plus 3 percent.” Right now it’s 3%.
“Interest is compounded daily. If you file on time but don’t pay all amounts due on time, you’ll generally have to pay a late payment penalty of one-half of one percent of the tax owed for each month, or part of a month, that the tax remains unpaid from the due date, until the tax is paid in full or the 25% maximum penalty is reached. The one-half of one percent rate increases to one percent if the tax remains unpaid 10 days after the IRS issues a notice of intent to levy.” To be more clear, in the first month it is .5% penalty of the amount owed, in month two, 1%, in month three, 1.5% and so on…until it reaches 25% where it caps out. Bear in mind that this is only one of the penalties they are charging you. Typical growth rates including both IRS penalty and interest is 20-25% for the first year, then 40% in year two. Your total liability doubles in a little over two and a half years, and that’s why it’s so important to attack your liability in the best way possible. Agreeing to an IRS pay plan on the Revenue Officer’s terms is literally like agreeing to a loan at 40% for 2-5 years. You would never agree to those rates under normal circumstances. There are ways to manipulate that growth rate in your favor.
“If you owe tax and don’t file on time, the total late-filing penalty is usually five percent of the tax owed for each month, or part of a month that your return is late, up to five months.” Here’s another 5% on top of the 25% above. This penalty grows just like the one above, and why it’s important to get filed on time or as soon as possible if it’s already late. Once that happens, this penalty is stopped.
“You must file your return and pay your tax by the due date to avoid interest and penalty charges. Often the funds necessary to pay your tax can be borrowed at a lower effective rate than the combined IRS interest and penalty rate.” This is absolutely true. However, if your financial situation prevents you from getting a loan, or you cannot risk putting up collateral, (Like your home), do not pursue this course of action. If it doesn’t make sense now or five years from now, don’t put yourself or your assets in jeopardy of IRS levy or seizure. IRS Installment Agreements, Offers in Compromise, or Partial Payment Installment Agreements can serve your purpose equally well.
“The penalties for filing and paying late may be abated if you have reasonable cause and the failure was not due to willful neglect. If you’re billed for penalty charges and feel you have reasonable cause, send your explanation along with the bill to your service center, or call the IRS at 800-829-1040 for assistance.” You can abate penalty that has accrued. However they don’t mention that you must complete and IRS Form 843 along with your “explanation”. Using the form creates a paper trail and invokes your appeal rights. Here is a direct link to the form:
Topic 653 – IRS Notices and Bills, Penalties and Interest Charges
http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f843.pdf
“Generally, interest charges are not abated; they continue to accrue until all assessed tax, penalties, and interest are paid in full. Generally, any reasonable cause exception to the penalty for failure to pay tax cannot be determined until the tax is first paid in full.” Three things here.
1. “Generally” Does it make sense to pay them every penny of the penalty and then ask them to return it? No. Always do it during the first year of an installment agreement.
2. You have three years from the point of paying penalty to fight for it. So if you’re agreement is longer than three years, and you paid most of the penalty in the first year, no penalty abatement will occur. These are the reason professional help makes sense. The IRS system is indifferent, and typically, Revenue Officers don’t care to help with a penalty abatement.
3. Be wary of anyone who is telling you they can get IRS interest abated as well as penalty. They either don’t know what they are talking about (worrisome) or they are intentionally misrepresenting what can be done (ill intentioned).